1993-D Doubled Die Reverse WDDR-002

Description

Cross-referenced as Crawford CDDR-004, this variety was originally cataloged as WDDR-011 before a major renumbering event reshaped the 1993-D doubled die reverse listings. The renumbering was triggered when the Wexler attribution system reclassified "wavy steps" varieties — hub displacement effects previously counted as doubled dies — as trail die reverses, a mechanically distinct category. Wavy steps produce visual effects that superficially resemble hub doubling on the Lincoln Memorial's columned facade, but their formation mechanism involves die displacement during installation or use rather than misalignment during the hubbing process that creates genuine doubled dies. When these wavy steps varieties were removed from the WDDR catalog, they left gaping holes in the numerical sequence — WDDR-001 through WDDR-010 were either vacated or reassigned — and the remaining legitimate doubled die reverses were renumbered downward to fill the gaps. The former WDDR-011 thus became WDDR-002, with Crawford's independent CDDR-004 designation providing continuity for researchers who tracked the variety across the renumbering transition. This reclassification event represents one of the most significant taxonomic revisions in modern Lincoln cent variety attribution, fundamentally redefining the boundary between doubled dies and trail dies. Struck at Denver on copper-plated zinc planchets, 2.5 grams, 19mm, plain edge.

Attribution History

• Discovered by Joseph Koelling Cross References: Crawford: CDDR-004 Comments: This variety was previously listed as WDDR-011. It was reassigned to help fill the gaping holes in the listings that were created when the “wavy steps” varieties were declassified as doubled die varieties.
• Crawford: CDDR-004 Comments: This variety was previously listed as WDDR-011. It was reassigned to help fill the gaping holes in the listings that were created when the “wavy steps” varieties were declassified as doubled die varieties.; Wexler Variety ID: 1993-D 1¢ WDDR-002
• Expert attribution by Wexler Team

External References