1989 Doubled Die Reverse WDDR-011

Description

Displaying close extra thickness on UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, E PLURIBUS UNUM, the left column dots, the designer's initials FG, and ONE CENT, WDDR-011 (Wexler variety ID 1989 1¢ WDDR-011) covers a broad array of reverse legend and design elements in a pattern consistent with several companion varieties in the 1989 doubled die reverse census. The involvement of the left column dots — small circular elements flanking the Memorial entrance — is a useful diagnostic detail, as these dots' simple geometry makes even minor displacement immediately visible as elongation or directional thickening. No significant supplementary die markers have been recorded on either the obverse or reverse surfaces, which means attribution relies primarily on the doubling evidence itself rather than on secondary scratches, gouges, or die cracks that typically assist in distinguishing one doubled die from another. The absence of notable markers also suggests this die may have had a relatively uneventful service life, without the clashing events or aggressive maintenance that characterize several other 1989 WDDR varieties. Struck at the Philadelphia Mint on copper-plated zinc planchets (97.5% zinc, 2.5% copper) at 2.5 grams and 19mm.

Attribution History

• Discovered by John A. Wexler Cross References: None known
• None known; Wexler Variety ID: 1989 1¢ WDDR-011
• Expert attribution by Wexler Team

External References