1783 Nova Constellatio 500 Units - Type 1

Coin Details

Description

Falling between the Bit (100 units) and the Mark (1,000 units) in Gouverneur Morris's proposed decimal monetary system, this 1783 Nova Constellatio silver pattern for 500 units is cataloged as a Crosby pattern and Whitman 1760. Unlike the Quint (5 units), Bit, and Mark denominations, the 500-unit piece received no traditional name, reflecting the incomplete development of Morris's nomenclature for his proposed coinage system before Thomas Jefferson's simpler dollar-based alternative won Congressional favor. The Type 1 designation distinguishes this specific die combination from the Type 2, with differences in design details that may include variations in star placement, legend spacing, or the rendering of the central eye-of-providence motif. The obverse carries the constellation design featuring an all-seeing eye radiating beams of light surrounded by thirteen stars, while the reverse indicates the denomination in a manner consistent with the series' systematic presentation of values within a decimal framework. Morris conceived this monetary architecture while serving as Robert Morris's deputy in the Office of Finance, working to replace the chaotic mix of foreign coins, state paper money, and Continental currency that hobbled American commerce under the Articles of Confederation. Unique or nearly so, the 500-unit denomination in Type 1 configuration is an extremely rare pattern coin that surfaces at auction only on the rarest occasions, commanding prices commensurate with its significance as a foundational document of American monetary theory.

Rarity Notes

Unique or nearly so. Extremely rare pattern coin.

Cross References

Crosby pattern; Whitman 1760