1861 Assay Commission Medal - JK-AC-2, Copper, Longacre Pattern

Coin Details

Description

The 1861 Assay Commission medal JK-AC-2 in copper is the second entry in the Longacre pattern series, struck during the tumultuous first year of the American Civil War. Chief Engraver James Barton Longacre continued developing the Assay Commission medal concept even as the Philadelphia Mint faced unprecedented challenges, including the suspension of gold coin circulation and the hoarding of silver and copper coins that would soon lead to widespread use of fractional currency and encased postage stamps. Despite the national crisis, the Annual Assay Commission continued to fulfill its statutory obligation to test the weight and fineness of coins from the previous year's production. The 1861 medal in copper carries Longacre's refined design work, building upon the foundation established with JK-AC-1 the previous year. The copper composition provided an affordable medium for distributing medals to commission members while preserving the fine detail of Longacre's engraving. The Civil War context gives this medal particular historical significance. Philadelphia remained a vital center of Union economic infrastructure throughout the conflict, and the Mint's continued operation — including the production of ceremonial pieces like the Assay Commission medals — symbolized the federal government's commitment to institutional continuity during the nation's greatest internal crisis.

Rarity Notes

JK-AC-2 (1861) in copper. Civil War-era Longacre pattern. Scarce as an early issue in the series, with the wartime context adding to its historical significance.

Cross References

PCGS #512246; JK-AC-2; 1861 Assay Commission