1836 Copper Medal J-MT-20, 1st Steam Coinage, Feb. 22

Coin Details

Description

This copper version of Julian MT-20 commemorating the first steam coinage represents a distinct metal variant from the standard bronze composition, as copper and bronze, while related, produce medals with different surface characteristics and patination over time. Pure or high-copper medals tend to develop a deeper, more reddish-brown patina compared to the lighter brown of tin-bronze alloys, and the difference in hardness affects the sharpness of detail in the striking. The February 22, 1836 date is specified in the medal's title, anchoring the event to Washington's Birthday. The obverse commemorates the introduction of steam power to American coinage with design elements celebrating this technological milestone. The Philadelphia Mint's transition to steam presses was the culmination of years of planning and investment, including Franklin Peale's extended tour of European mints where he studied the steam coinage systems developed by Matthew Boulton and others. The new presses not only increased production speed but also improved the uniformity of coin strikes, as the mechanical delivery of force was more consistent than the variable strength of human operators turning screw-press handles. The reverse carries the Julian MT-20 catalog designation and commemorative inscriptions. The copper composition variant reflects the Mint's practice of producing medals in multiple metals to serve different markets and purposes. Collectors of Mint medals have traditionally sought to acquire examples in each available composition, creating demand for copper, bronze, silver, and gilt versions of popular medals. The MT-20 and MT-21 pair remain among the most historically significant medals in the entire Julian catalog system.

Rarity Notes

Copper composition variant, Julian MT-20. Distinct from the bronze version. Multiple metal variants exist for this medal.

Cross References

PCGS #515424; Julian MT-20; First steam coinage February 22, 1836; Copper variant